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OneLaw’s October 2026 Newsletter

In OneLaw’s October newsletter, Attorney Fahim Gulamali writes about considerations for d/Deaf and Hard of Hearing students in special education, we highlight the Massachusetts Commission on the Deaf and Hard of Hearing (MCDHH), we welcome Attorney Kaitlyn Millerick to the firm as Of Counsel in our Education Law practice, and there is a reminder we represent clients in criminal and juvenile delinquency matters.

Read the full October 2026 newsletter HERE.

A text version is below.

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** October 2026

Happy Halloween! Looks like perfect weather for trick-or-treating and football.

At OneLaw, Attorney Kaitlyn Millerick recently joined the firm as Of Counsel to our Education Law practice. Welcome Kaitlyn!

In our newsletter this month, Attorney Fahim Gulamali writes about considerations for d/Deaf and Hard of Hearing students in special education, we highlight the Massachusetts Commission on the Deaf and Hard of Hearing (MCDHH), and there is a reminder we represent clients in criminal and juvenile delinquency matters.

As always, OneLaw is dedicated to serving the personal legal needs of families and individuals across a variety of practice areas. Let us know how we can help you. Visit our website (https://www.one-law.us) or give us a call at 617-831-4355.

Peter A. Hahn, Esq.

Principal Attorney

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Beyond Access: Considerations for d/Deaf and Hard of Hearing Students in Special Education

by Fahim Gulamali, Esq.

In special education, discussions about d/Deaf and Hard of Hearing (“DHH”) students often begin and end with access: can the student perceive the instruction being delivered in the classroom? Access, however, is only the threshold inquiry. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (“IDEA”) requires IEP teams to consider factors beyond hearing access, including a DHH student’s exposure to a language-rich environment, a peer and role-modeled community, and incidental learning. Stopping at access can therefore result in a denial of a free appropriate public education (“FAPE”).

This article examines these examples, which practitioners and parents should weigh when deciding whether a DHH student is receiving a legally appropriate education.

First, a language-rich environment provides a student with access to complete language (i.e., signed, spoken, both, or other/augmentative and alternative communication). The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association emphasizes the importance of early exposure to a language-rich environment, noting that exposure to multiple modes of communication will provide “a strong foundation for optimal cognitive, communication, academic, social, and vocational outcomes.” This is because a child may prefer one mode of communication at one time, but their preferences for communicating and learning may change over time, depending on “the child’s needs, communication contexts, and educational settings.” In one academic setting, a child may need to sign to access their education; in another, they may need to speak. Providing a language-rich environment, in part, allows a student to learn their preferred mode of communication.

Second, exposure to peers and a role-modeled community. The United States Department of Education, as early as 1992, has recognized the importance of DHH peers and teachers, noting that “compounding the manifest educational consideration, the communication nature of the disability is inherently isolating.” United States Secretary of Education Lamar Alexander emphasized in his Notice of Policy Guidance for Deaf Students Education Services that the social, emotional, and cultural needs of a DHH student may be addressed through peer interactions and communication, as “even the availability of interpreter services in the educational setting may not address deaf children’s needs for direct and meaningful communication with peers and teachers.” Exposure to role models and peers reduces a DHH student’s isolation, fosters shared identity and culture, enhances self-advocacy, reduces listening fatigue, and promotes mutual empathy based on shared experiences.

Third, hearing students acquire social language through what is called “incidental learning.” This language acquisition allows a child to “build world and cultural knowledge that allows them to make connections and envisions lessons for successful learning and proficient literacy through information learned incidentally.” Unfortunately, a DHH student’s incidental learning is limited because much of it occurs outside of instruction, such as conversations between classes and during activities. If a DHH student is already feeling isolated and has limited access to hearing, their ability to experience incidental learning is affected. Limited access to incidental learning inhibits a DHH student’s ability to understand social norms and cues, cultural knowledge, and problem-solving skills. It can also impact their ability to emotionally regulate (e.g., navigating anger or embarrassment as it relates to their hearing loss). A Team must consider the supports a DHH student needs to ensure access to incidental learning opportunities.

The above considerations are three examples of many that must be considered when determining whether a school is meeting its legal obligation to provide FAPE to a DHH student.

If you have questions about navigating the special education process for a DHH student or any student with a disability, OneLaw is here to support you and help you understand your rights.

Attorney Fahim Gulamali represents clients in a range of education law matters and beyond.

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Welcome KAITLYN MILLERICK to OneLaw as our newest Of Counsel attorney focusing on education law.

Attorney Millerick is an experienced special education attorney. She is a graduate of Northeastern University School of Law.

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MASSACHUSETTS COMMISSION FOR THE DEAF AND HARD OF HEARING

The Massachusetts Commission for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing (MCDHH) “is the principal agency in the Commonwealth representing Deaf and hard of hearing people of all ages. MCDHH provides accessible communication, education, and advocacy to consumers and private and public entities so that opportunities are fully accessible to all who are Deaf and hard of hearing.”

For parents of children who are born Deaf or with hearing loss, MCDHH offers specialized regional support services for these families and their children. MCDHH Children’s Specialists help identify needs and issues, provide information about hearing loss, make referrals to appropriate specialized resources, and assist parents in working with other public and private agencies. All Children’s’ Specialists are fluent in English and American Sign Language. Services are free of charge and confidential.

For more information, visit their website at Massachusetts Commission for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing.

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JUVENILE DELINQUENCY & CRIMINAL MATTERS

At OneLaw we represent adults in criminal matters and minors in Juvenile Court. If you, a loved one, or a friend are involved with the police or receive a notice for a court hearing, contact us for a consultation and representation.

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OneLaw represents clients in education, estate planning, residential real estate, civil rights, disability, family law, criminal and victim rights, discrimination, special needs planning, guardianship, Juvenile Court, child welfare, probate administration, Title IX, HPO/RO, and related matters.

2026-11-02T21:54:28+00:00November 2nd, 2026|Newsletters|

OneLaw’s September 2026 Newsletter

In OneLaw’s September newsletter, Legal Assistant Madalyn Caiado shares insight into the right of special education parents in Massachusetts to invoke “stay put”, or placement pending appeal; we congratulate Attorney Fahim Gulamali for recently being admitted to practice in the United States District Court of Massachusetts and receiving impressive testimonials from clients; we announce the resumption of monthly virtual seminars for special education advocates and educational consultants and the addition of weekly office “clinics” where members of OneLaw’s Education Law team review recent BSEA decisions, discuss ongoing cases, and share tips and strategies with each other; we encourage everyone to consider creating or updating your estate plan; and we profile MassAbility, the Massachusetts state agency that supports adolescents and adults with disabilities in connection with independent living.

Read the full September 2026 newsletter HERE.

A text version is below.

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** September 2026

After a hiatus, we are back with our monthly newsletters!

Hopefully you had an enjoyable summer. Team OneLaw embarked on an inaugural summer outing to Provincetown and had a great time.

Now we are firmly Back to School, and transitioning into fall after surviving the recent nor’easter. Based on a completely informal poll, the favorite fall drink in the office is a pumpkin spice latte and favorite fall experience is apple picking. What are yours?

In our newsletter this month, Legal Assistant Madalyn Caiado shares insight into the right of special education parents and students in Massachusetts to invoke “stay put”, or placement pending appeal. This is a significant and valuable right to protect a student’s last accepted placement when a school district proposes a change that parents do not feel is appropriate.

Congratulations to Attorney Fahim Gulamali for recently being admitted to practice in the United States District Court of Massachusetts. He also received two impressive testimonials from clients, which I have shared below. We periodically receive reviews from clients. Feel free to reach out to me or post online if you want to share your own.

As part of our Education Law practice, we have resumed monthly virtual seminars for special education advocates and educational consultants. If you do not get our announcements, reach out and we can add you to our referral and communication list. In addition we have weekly “clinics” in the office, where our team reviews recent BSEA decisions, discusses ongoing cases, and shares tips and strategies with each other.

On another note, we encourage everyone to consider creating or updating your estate plan. Contact us today for an estate planning consultation.

Finally, we profile MassAbility, the Massachusetts state agency that supports adolescents and adults with disabilities in connection with independent living.

As always, OneLaw is dedicated to serving the personal legal needs of families and individuals across a variety of practice areas. Let us know how we can help you. Visit our website (https://www.one-law.us) or give us a call at 617-831-4355.

Peter A. Hahn, Esq. Principal Attorney

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The Right to Stay Put in Special Education: Why Placement Pending Appeal Matters

by Madalyn Caiado

What is “stay put” and why does it matter in special education?

When a parent and school district disagree about a child’s special education program, the question arises what will happen to the child’s placement while the dispute is being resolved. The answer under federal and Massachusetts state law is something known as “stay put”, or placement pending appeal. Stay put prevents program change or reductions in services. Importantly, it also gives parents time to make an informed decision. Disputes over special education services can take months to resolve. Without stay put, a school district could implement changes to services or placement immediately, even if those changes are later found to be inappropriate. Stay put is a legal protection that comes from the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). Stay put applies to more than the assigned school or type of placement, it includes programming in the IEP such as accommodations, goals, services, and extended school year. Under federal law, a student can remain in their current educational placement during a dispute between parents and a school district. See, e.g., 20 U.S.C. § 1415(j) & 34 C.F.R. § 300.518. In other words, the district cannot unilaterally change a child’s educational placement. The current placement is generally understood as the last agreed upon placement that was actually implemented. Massachusetts follows a similar law through its own special education regulations. See, e.g., 603 CMR 28.08(7).

How do you invoke stay put?

The key difference between federal and state regulations is when parents can utilize stay put. Under federal law, stay put is triggered once parents have filed a due process complaint at the Bureau of Special Education Appeals (BSEA). Under Massachusetts law, parents can assert stay put once they file at the BSEA or when they reject an IEP, in whole or in part. If a district proposes changes to a child’s placement or finds a child is no longer eligible for services, parents can utilize stay put to maintain the existing program as specified in the last accepted or partially accepted IEP. This is commonly done through the IEP response. One caveat is that if this is the first IEP offered to the student, there is no stay put right because there is no previously accepted placement or programming to maintain. Stay put is designed to protect students from disruption during periods of disagreement between families and school districts about special education placement and IEPs. It is an important and valuable right.

Like many areas of special education, its application should be straightforward but can be disputed. If you have questions about stay put or navigating the special education process, OneLaw is here to support you and help you understand your rights.

Madalyn Caiado is a Legal Assistant in OneLaw’s Education Law practice.

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Testimonials for Attorney Fahim Gulamali

“My family and I first heard of the OneLaw offices after an incident at school, and we needed an attorney for advice. Fahim Amin Gulamali met us with extreme care and an immediate willingness to support us through both legal and school-related matters. He worked diligently to acquire as much information and as many avenues as possible, with an endless flow of communication and constant updates. While he flawlessly executed all of the logistical and legal interactions, what most intrigued us was his willingness to support us on a deeper level. He seemed to share the same discomfort we felt, especially never making us feel like we were disregarded. He approached the conflict with a high level of determination to arrive at the best conclusion possible. His dedication and commitment went above and beyond, and I would highly recommend his services to anyone seeking exceptional legal representation.”

“Fahim assisted our family with securing an out of district special education contract for our child. He was very responsive each step of the way and with his counsel we were able to achieve the desired outcome without having to enter into any contentious or lengthy legal process with the district.”

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Time to update your estate plan? Have you been meaning to draft your will? In need of a health care proxy or power of attorney? Or a trust to manage your assets or for someone with special needs? Contact OneLaw for a consultation.

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MassAbility is a Massachusetts state agency tasked with empowering people with disabilities to live life on their own terms. Their programs and services expand possibilities in careers and vocational training, independent living at home and in the community, assistive technology, and legal rights and benefits – including disability determination for federal programs. Services are available to qualifying individuals with disabilities as young as 14 years old and through adulthood. Visit their website here: MassAbility (https://www.mass.gov/orgs/massability).

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OneLaw represents clients in education, estate planning, residential real estate, civil rights, disability, family law, criminal and victim rights, special needs planning, guardianship, Juvenile Court, child welfare, probate administration, Title IX, HPO/RO, and related matters.

2026-09-30T20:35:04+00:00September 30th, 2026|Newsletters|

OneLaw’s April 2026 Newsletter

In OneLaw’s April newsletter, featured professional Patrick Collins – Originating Sales Manager at Cross Country Mortgage – provides advice on how parents can help their children buy a home.  We also profile the Federation for Children with Special Needs and remind you that we help clients with estate planning matters.

Read the full April 2026 newsletter HERE.

A text version is below.

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April 2026

Better late than never for our April newsletter.

This month, our featured professional Patrick Collins – Originating Sales Manager at Cross Country Mortgage – provides advice on how parents can help their children buy a home.

We also profile the Federation for Children with Special Needs and remind you that we help clients with estate planning matters.

As always, OneLaw is dedicated to serving the personal legal needs of families and individuals across a variety of practice areas. Let us know how we can help you. Visit our website (https://www.one-law.us) or give us a call at 617-831-4355.

Peter A. Hahn, Esq. Principal Attorney

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How Parents Can Help Their Children Purchase A Home

by Patrick Collins, Featured Professional

Helping an adult child purchase a home is one of the most meaningful ways parents can provide financial and emotional support—yet it requires careful planning to ensure it benefits everyone involved. With home prices and interest rates remaining elevated, many first-time buyers need assistance overcoming the two biggest hurdles: saving for a down payment and qualifying for financing. Parents can play a pivotal role in both areas, but the approach should be thoughtful, structured, and well-documented.

One of the most common ways parents help is through gifted funds for a down payment. Most mortgage programs allow gifts from immediate family members, and this can dramatically reduce the child’s loan amount and monthly payment. However, lenders require a clear paper trail, including a gift letter stating that the funds are not a loan and do not need to be repaid. Parents should also be mindful of IRS gift tax guidelines—while most families won’t owe taxes due to lifetime exemptions, proper reporting may still be required. Gifted funds fall into two camps, either within the Annual Gift Tax exclusion range ($19,000 per parent or $38,000 per married couple) or counted against the Lifetime Estate Gift tax exemption of 15 million. If the latter, parents will need to be mindful to file a Form 709 maintaining proper tracking of the lifetime exemption.

Another option is serving as a co-borrower or co-signer on the mortgage. This can strengthen the application by adding income or improving creditworthiness, helping the child qualify for a larger loan or better interest rate. That said, this route carries more risk: the parent is legally responsible for the mortgage, and the debt will appear on their credit report, potentially impacting their own borrowing capacity. It’s important to evaluate long-term implications before choosing this path.

Parents may also consider purchasing the property outright or jointly. In some cases, parents buy the home in their own name and allow the child to live there, either rent-free or with an informal payment arrangement. Others structure it as a co-ownership, where both parties are on title. While this can be effective, it introduces considerations around taxes, insurance, and future equity distribution. A clear agreement—ideally in writing—helps avoid misunderstandings down the road.

For families with more complex financial strategies, trusts or family loans can be used. A parent might lend money at a low (but IRS-compliant) interest rate, creating a more flexible repayment structure than traditional financing. This approach can preserve family wealth while still helping the child build equity. Working with a financial advisor or real estate attorney is key to structuring these arrangements properly.

Beyond financial contributions, parents can add value by helping their child prepare for homeownership. This includes reviewing credit, budgeting for monthly expenses, and understanding the full cost of ownership—property taxes, insurance, maintenance, and unexpected repairs. Encouraging a mortgage pre-approval early in the process can also position the child as a stronger, more competitive buyer.

Ultimately, the goal is to strike a balance between support and independence. The best outcomes occur when expectations are clearly defined, risks are understood, and all parties communicate openly. By taking a proactive and informed approach, parents can help their adult children achieve homeownership while protecting their own financial well-being.

Patrick Collins is Originating Sales Manager of the Marquis Team at Cross Country Mortgage (https://crosscountrymortgage.com/).  He is based in Lexington and works with clients in Massachusetts, across New England, and throughout the country.

This article is not a substitute for legal advice.

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FEDERATION FOR CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS

The Federation for Children with Special Needs provides information, support, and assistance to parents of children with disabilities, their professional partners, and their communities.

FCSN is committed to listening to and learning from families, and encouraging full participation in community life by all people, especially those with disabilities. Most Federation staff members are parents or family members of children with disabilities and people with disabilities.

For more information, visit their website at Federation for Children with Special Needs (https://fcsn.org/).

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ESTATE PLANNING

Time to update your estate plan? Have you been meaning to draft your will? In need of a health care proxy or power of attorney? Or a trust to manage your assets or for someone with special needs? Contact OneLaw for a consultation.

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OneLaw represents clients in education, estate planning, residential real estate, civil rights, disability, family law, criminal and victim rights, discrimination, special needs planning, guardianship, Juvenile Court, child welfare, probate administration, Title IX, HPO/RO, and related matters.

2026-09-21T20:01:22+00:00September 21st, 2026|Newsletters|

OneLaw’s March 2026 Newsletter

In OneLaw’s March newsletter, Attorney Hahn writes about residency and the right to a public school education, we begin a new periodic feature highlighting an organization of interest in one of our fields with a profile of Massachusetts Advocates for Children, and there is a reminder we represent clients in Department of Children and Families matters. We also welcomed Attorney Fahim Gulamali to the team a full-time attorney focusing on education law and litigation matters.

Read the full March 2026 newsletter HERE.

A text version is below.

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March 2026

Spring is upon us and the tulips and daffodils can’t pop soon enough. At least the Celtics are humming along nicely!

At OneLaw, we recently welcomed Attorney Fahim Gulamali to the team. He is our new full-time attorney focusing on education law and litigation matters.

In our newsletter this month, I write about residency and the right to a public school education, we begin a new periodic feature highlighting an organization of interest in one of our fields with a profile of Massachusetts Advocates for Children, and there is a reminder we represent clients in Department of Children and Families matters.

As always, OneLaw is dedicated to serving the personal legal needs of families and individuals across a variety of practice areas. Let us know how we can help you. Visit our website (https://www.one-law.us) or give us a call at 617-831-4355.

Peter A. Hahn, Esq. Principal Attorney

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Welcome FAHIM GULAMALI to OneLaw as our newest attorney focusing on education law and litigation matters.

Attorney Gulamali is devoted to advocating for clients with the skill and experience of a seasoned trial attorney. He is a graduate of University of Miami School of Law and Wake Forest University.

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Residency and the Right to a Public School Education

by Peter A. Hahn

Pursuant to Massachusetts General Laws chapter 76, section 5: “Every person shall have a right to attend the public schools of the town where he actually resides . . . .” That sounds pretty straightforward but disputes still arise when public school districts challenge the residency of a student.

Legally, where a person resides is usually the place where his home is located, and home is the place where a person dwells and which is the center of his domestic, social, and civil life. See, e.g., Teel v. Hamilton-Wenham Regional School Dist., 13 Mass.App.Ct. 345, 348 (1982).

Public school districts typically have policies on residency and occupancy for registering a student that require production of certain documents and information, like a birth certificate, deed or lease, and recent utility bill. These policies are generally valid. However, once the child establishes residency, the school system must enroll and educate the student.

School districts may get suspicious of situations where families have multiple homes or addresses, or where children move from another town or school district for a perceived advantage (like for sports, academics, or exam schools) and without a history of being in the new school system. School districts will investigate and sometimes even hire investigators.

When there is a dispute about residency, hopefully a parent can work it out with the school district to clarify any misunderstanding. If not, they may need to seek assistance from the Department of Elementary and Secondary Education or even go into Superior Court and seek a preliminary injunction to enforce the law.

Of note, this law applies to the right of all students to receive a public school education and is technically separate and distinct from special education law.

Contact OneLaw if you encounter a situation like this, or for any education law matter.

Attorney Peter A. Hahn represents clients in a range of education law matters and beyond. He is the Founder and Managing Attorney of OneLaw.

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MASSACHUSETTS ADVOCATES FOR CHILDREN

Massachusetts Advocates for Children’s mission is to remove barriers to educational and life opportunities for children and youth.

They do so by advocating for and partnering with students and families; transforming school cultures to be inclusive, safe and supportive; and creating systemic change so all children and youth can learn, reach their potential, and thrive.

They focus their advocacy on children and youth who face significant barriers, inequities, and/or discrimination because of their economic status, disability, race, ethnicity/culture, immigration status, English Learner status, and/or traumatic life experiences. For more information, visit their website at Massachusetts Advocates for Children (https://www.massadvocates.org/) .

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DEPARTMENT OF CHILDREN AND FAMILIES

The Department of Children and Families is the child welfare agency in Massachusetts tasked with investigating allegations of caretaker abuse and neglect of minor children, supervising families where there is a viable concern from DCF’s perspective, and placing children in foster care and for adoption if the circumstances warrant.

Parents and caretakers may seek legal assistance if they are being investigated by DCF, using the Fair Hearing appeal process to contest an adverse decision, or find themselves in court with DCF involved. DCF may take or be granted custody of a child so a lot is at stake.

Reach out to OneLaw if there is a 51A report alleging abuse or neglect filed with DCF or if a DCF social worker reaches out to you with questions.

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OneLaw represents clients in education, estate planning, residential real estate, civil rights, disability, family law, criminal and victim rights, discrimination, special needs planning, guardianship, Juvenile Court, child welfare, probate administration, Title IX, HPO/RO, and related matters.

2026-09-21T19:50:11+00:00September 21st, 2026|Newsletters|

OneLaw’s February 2026 Newsletter

In OneLaw’s February newsletter, Legal Assistant Madalyn Caiado reviews the age-old question: “When Do You Need a Special Education Attorney?”  We also celebrate Attorney Chiara LaPlume for being recognized as a Top Lawyer in Boston Magazine for 2025.  There is also a reminder we represent clients in residential real estate matters, including buying and selling homes, and an employment announcement for a full-time education law attorney position to start immediately.

Read the full February 2026 newsletter HERE.

A text version is below.

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February 2026

Hopefully the endless frigid temperatures and relentless snow are soon coming to an end. There is a (spring) light at the end of the tunnel!

Here at OneLaw, we are hiring for a full-time education law attorney to start immediately. More information is below. In our newsletter this month, Legal Assistant Madalyn Caiado reviews the age-old question: When Do You Need a Special Education Attorney?

We celebrate Attorney Chiara LaPlume for being recognized as a Top Lawyer in Boston Magazine for 2025. There is also a reminder we represent clients in residential real estate matters, including buying and selling homes, as the spring market approaches.

As always, OneLaw is dedicated to serving the personal legal needs of families and individuals across a variety of practice areas. Let us know how we can help you.

Visit our website (https://www.one-law.us) or give us a call at 617-831-4355.

Peter A. Hahn, Esq. Principal Attorney

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Congratulations to Attorney Chiara LaPlume on being named a Boston Magazine Top Lawyer for 2025!

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Do You Need a Special Education Attorney?

by Madalyn Caiado

Do you need a special education attorney? When is it time to get an attorney involved?

Navigating special education issues can be difficult and disputes can arise over IEPs, 504 Plans, or educational placements. While all public schools are supposed to provide a free appropriate public education (“FAPE”) to students with disabilities, parents often feel there is a difference between what their child needs and what services the school is willing to provide. A process that is supposed to benefit the child can sometimes turn into a battle, blurring the ultimate goal of a meaningful education. Schools should be working collaboratively with families, but when communication breaks down, parents may begin to wonder whether legal support is necessary.

What is a special education attorney?

A special education attorney can serve different roles in the process depending on the family’s ultimate goal. They can provide legal advice and a plan of approach, or they can be more actively involved in the IEP process by attending Team meetings and advocating for services and placements that provide FAPE. They can represent you at the Bureau of Special Education Appeals or in court.

A special education attorney has the expertise to interpret legal language and can provide clarity on what your child is entitled to under the law. They can also assess whether procedural violations have occurred, whether the district is meeting its legal obligations, and what strategic options are available moving forward.

Families sometimes work with a special education advocate before consulting a special education attorney. Educational advocates can be extremely helpful in navigating meetings and communicating concerns. However, advocates are not attorneys and cannot provide legal advice. Understanding that distinction can help families decide when it may be time to consult an attorney.

When is it time to get a special education attorney involved?

Parents should consider hiring a special education attorney when they feel that the process has reached a standstill or the school is not providing adequate services.

You may want to consider involving an attorney if:

* The district has involved its own attorney,

* You are preparing for mediation or a due process hearing at the Bureau of Special Education Appeals (BSEA),

* The school has offered you a settlement agreement or violated a settlement agreement,

* You believe your child needs an out of district placement,

* There has been a disciplinary issue,

* Your request for an evaluation has been refused,

* Your child is consistently failing to meet the goals specified in their IEP,

* Services listed in the IEP are not being delivered or are not appropriate, or

* Your request for an evaluation or meeting has been denied.

Not every disagreement requires an attorney. In many situations, communication and collaboration can resolve concerns. The key is recognizing when the process has shifted from problem solving to protecting legal rights. When a disagreement becomes a violation of the law, it is time to consult an attorney. Certainly, any education matter that is at the BSEA or in court requires legal representation.

However, a special education lawyer does not necessarily mean taking the case to a due process hearing or going to court, but it does mean leveling the playing field and ensuring that your child’s legal rights are protected. Early involvement can sometimes prevent disputes from escalating further.

If you find yourself unsure about the next steps, or if your efforts to work with your child’s school are not yielding the necessary results, or if you are at the BSEA or court or thinking it is time to consider it, contact us. OneLaw is committed to helping you understand your rights and navigate these difficult situations.

Madalyn Caiado is a Legal Assistant at OneLaw with a focus in education law.

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EDUCATION LAW ATTORNEY

OneLaw is looking immediately for a full-time education law attorney. This is a salaried position. Ideal candidates have at least 2-3 years experience within education law or litigation experience with a strong interest in education law. You must be a licensed attorney in Massachusetts and a member in good standing of the bar. The attorney is expected to be in our office in Newton most days, however there are opportunities to work virtually at times. Some cases may require travel outside the office. Salary is commensurate with experience. There will be an option for certain benefits. Please send a brief letter of interest and a current resume to Peter Hahn or reach out with any questions. We look forward to hearing from you. Feel free to share this job posting.

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RESIDENTIAL REAL ESTATE

Whether you are buying or selling a home, with experience or for the first time, contact OneLaw for legal representation throughout the process.

We offer flat fee rates for standard purchase and sale transactions.

We also advise clients regarding condominiums, deeds, drafting legal documents, and other areas within residential real estate.

We are also always looking to connect with real estate agents and home financing professionals.

Reach out to set up a time for us to talk about how we can assist each other.

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OneLaw represents clients in education, estate planning, residential real estate, civil rights, disability, family law, criminal and victim rights, discrimination, special needs planning, guardianship, Juvenile Court, child welfare, probate administration, Title IX, HPO/RO, and related matters.

2026-09-21T19:37:41+00:00September 21st, 2026|Newsletters|

OneLaw’s December 2025 Newsletter

In OneLaw’s December newsletter, featured professional Financial Advisor Michael Wands debunks common financial myths.

Read the full December 2025 newsletter HERE.

A text version is below.

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Happy Holidays from OneLaw to you and your family!

This month we feature an article from Financial Advisor Michael Wands about debunking common financial myths.

As always, OneLaw is dedicated to serving the personal legal needs of families and individuals across a variety of practice areas. Let us know how we can help you.

Visit our website (https://www.one-law.us) or give us a call at 617-831-4355.

Peter A. Hahn, Esq. Principal Attorney

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Debunking Common Financial Myths

by Michael Wands, CFA (Featured Professional)

One of the biggest issues that many individuals and families struggle with when it comes to their personal financial planning is they get bad advice – often unsolicited – when it comes to making decisions. These can often come from trusted family members, friends or co-workers, from articles that they hear or read in the media or from videos or advertisements that they watch on TV or social media. Often, the source of this misinformation does not have the proper training or credentials to provide what can often be important advice. Sadly, we also hear from many individuals who get poor advice from professionals who do have both the training and/or the credentials to provide advice on financial planning matters but rely on outdated rules of thumb which they pass on to others. The goal here is to debunk a few of these myths.

Myth #1 – The rate of return on my assets is more important than how much I save.

This is probably the most common financial planning myth that we hear, and it’s often driven by certain financial advisors who are trying to market their prowess at being able to “beat the market”. The reality is that it’s very difficult for even the savviest financial professionals to outperform their benchmarks consistently over long periods of time. Seeking outsized returns also can have the downside of encouraging investors to take on more risk than might be appropriate for them to meet their financial goals. Analysis can be used to show that over longer periods of time when people are saving money for retirement (i.e. 30+ years), incrementally increasing one’s savings rate by 1-2% has a greater impact on increasing one’s net worth than incrementally increasing one’s investment return by 1-2%. Also, it’s equally important to remember that one of these things is within one’s control (saving more) while the other is completely outside of one’s control and at the whim of the financia l markets (increasing one’s rate of return).

Myth #2 – It always makes sense to “max out” my 401K contribution.

This is another common myth that is shared amongst working professionals. Because 401K contributions are deducted from one’s paycheck pre-tax, the common thought is that one should maximize this opportunity. 401K plans come with many positive benefits and should be considered as part of an overall financial plan. Contributions are taken out pre-tax and grow tax-free, plus many companies often match a certain portion of employees’ contributions up to a capped amount. We would agree that employees should take advantage of these benefits if they can, up to the amount that the company is willing to match. Over this amount, individuals might want to consider other strategies as a compliment or alternative to a 401K, such as individual investment accounts, Roth IRAs, permanent life insurance or annuities, each which can have additional benefits. And as a reminder, while the money that goes into one’s 401K is deducted from one’s salary pre-tax and will grow tax-free, when that money is withdrawn after retirement, the participant will have to pay taxes on it at that point. Which leads to the final myth…

Myth #3 – I will be in a lower tax bracket when I retire.

Much like the fact that we have no control over the returns that the markets will provide us with, we also have no control over where tax rates will be in the future. And despite the general feeling that tax rates are high today relative to where they’ve been historically, over the long-term (since the 1930s) both the highest and lowest marginal tax rates today are lower where they have been on average. Plus, the perception that one’s tax rate will be lower in retirement than today also implies that they will be earning less income in retirement, which may or may not actually be true.

Hopefully this clears up some common misconceptions about financial planning.

As always, I recommend that individuals reach out to a financial professional when seeking advice about their personal financial planning matters.

Michael Wands is a Financial Advisor with The Bulfinch Group in Needham.

Registered Representative and Financial Advisor of Park Avenue Securities LLC (PAS). Securities products and advisory services offered through PAS, member FINRA, SIPC. The Bulfinch Group is not an affiliate or subsidiary of PAS or Guardian. Life insurance offered through The Bulfinch Group Insurance Agency, LLC, an affiliate of The Bulfinch Group, LLC. The Bulfinch Group, LLC is not licensed to sell insurance. 8650378.1 Exp 12/27.

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OneLaw represents clients in education, estate planning, residential real estate, civil rights, disability, family law, criminal and victim rights, discrimination, special needs planning, guardianship, Juvenile Court, child welfare, probate administration, Title IX, HPO/RO, and related matters.

2026-09-21T19:23:06+00:00September 21st, 2026|Newsletters|

OneLaw’s November 2025 Newsletter

In OneLaw’s November newsletter, our Legal Assistant Madalyn Caiado explains parent rights under the school observation law in Massachusetts special education, Chris Connolly gets a client testimonial, there’s a reminder about the gift of estate planning, and I give thanks to all things OneLaw.

Read the full November 2025 newsletter HERE.

A text version is below.

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I am wholeheartedly giving thanks to everyone here at OneLaw as well as our extended family of clients and professionals who we work with day-in and day-out. Thank you!

In our newsletter this month, Legal Assistant Madalyn Caiado shares insight into the right of special education parents in Massachusetts to observe special education programming for their children, both current and proposed. Parents can also have someone observe on their behalf, such as a neuropsychologist, educational consultant, or advocate.

We periodically receive testimonials from clients. Attorney Chris Connolly received our latest one, which I have shared below. Feel free to reach out to me if you want to share your own.

As the holiday season approaches, we encourage everyone to consider creating or updating your estate plan. Ensuring your legacy follows your wishes is one of the best gifts you can offer to your family and loved ones. Contact us today for a consultation.

As always, OneLaw is dedicated to serving the personal legal needs of families and individuals across a variety of practice areas. Let us know how we can help you. Visit our website (https://www.one-law.us) or give us a call at 617-831-4355.

Peter A. Hahn, Esq.

Principal Attorney

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Transparency in Special Education: The Right to Observe School Programs

by Madalyn Caiado

Massachusetts law gives parents powerful rights when it comes to understanding their child’s special education program. One of the most important is the right to observe a child’s current or proposed school program. Classroom observation is a critical tool for parents, advocates, and independent evaluators because it allows them to meaningfully participate in the IEP process and determine whether a program is appropriate.

Two key sources govern this right:

1. 603 CMR 28.07(1), which addresses parental access and consent, and

2. DESE Technical Assistance Advisory SPED 2009-2.

Together these authorities make clear that public schools must grant timely, meaningful access for observations and may only impose limits in narrow, specifically justified circumstances.

In 2008, the Massachusetts Legislature amended Chapter 71B to strengthen parent participation. The amendment requires schools to give parents and their designees timely and sufficient access to both the child’s current program and any proposed program for evaluation purposes.

The Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education (DESE) clarified this law through Technical Assistance Advisory SPED 2009-2, issued January 8, 2009. The Advisory makes several things clear – schools cannot delay or unreasonably restrict observations or create procedural hurdles for parents or evaluators. The observation is intended to help parents fully and effectively participate in determining an appropriate program.

603 CMR 28.07(1)(a)(3) specifies that “Parents have the right to observe any program(s) proposed for their child if the child is identified as eligible for special education services”.

What is Considered “Timely Access”?

SPED 2009-2 instructs school districts to schedule observations promptly, and to communicate with the parent/designee to coordinate details. Schools are not required to allow “drop-in” observations on demand. They may take reasonable steps to schedule and prepare. However, in most circumstances, observations should be able to be scheduled within a week of the request.

What Constitutes Sufficient Duration and Extent?

The observation law requires schools to allow program observations that are long enough to accomplish their purpose and DESE makes clear that “one-size-fits-all” limits are inappropriate. Although observations typically last between one and four hours, the actual duration should depend on the student’s needs, the nature of the services being observed, and the specific questions the parent or evaluator is trying to answer. An observation may include academic classes, small-group instruction, related services, inclusion settings, unstructured times, or a proposed classroom. If seeing a particular environment is necessary to determine whether a program is appropriate, the district must permit access.

Can School Districts Impose Conditions?

Under the observation law, districts may impose conditions or restrictions only when necessary to protect student safety, preserve program integrity, or safeguard the confidentiality of other students. DESE emphasizes that general concerns about disruption are not a valid basis for limiting access. Any restriction must be individualized and tied to one of the three permitted reasons, not imposed for the school’s convenience. Districts cannot require resumes, credentials, or special qualifications from parent-selected evaluators. Additionally, observers cannot be required to turn over or share their notes.

Common Violations

Despite clear guidance, many parents encounter improper restrictions such as strict time limits, limits on the number of observations allowed each year, excessive requirements for written requests, multi-week notice demands, or refusals to allow observations during unstructured or inclusion periods. Some districts prohibit observations of proposed out-of-district programs or insist that observers be “certified educators”. Under Chapter 71B § 3 and DESE’s Advisory SPED 2009-2, these practices are unlawful unless they relate directly to safety, program integrity, or confidentiality.

Why Observations Matter

Observation is often a critical step when parents are pursuing an independent evaluation, when a child is struggling in their current placement, or when a district proposes a different setting and parents need to understand the educational program and environment. It is also helpful if not essential when parents must decide whether to accept or reject an IEP and placement. Meaningful participation in the IEP process requires meaningful access, and parents cannot always evaluate the appropriateness of a program without seeing it firsthand. Parents should feel empowered to request observations clearly and early and should seek legal support when schools impose barriers inconsistent with the law.

If you are having difficulty arranging a school observation or feel your access is being unjustly limited, or you have any other educational law issue, OneLaw is here to support you and help you understand your rights.

Madalyn Caiado is a Legal Assistant in OneLaw’s Education Law practice.

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Time to update your estate plan? Have you been meaning to draft your will? In need of a health care proxy or power of attorney? Or a trust to manage your assets or for someone with special needs? Contact OneLaw for a consultation.

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Testimonial for Attorney Chris Connolly

“Chris Connolly assisted our family with pending legal matters, which included a court appearance. Chris’ services were prompt, professional, and skilled, and he was a valued resource in the proceedings. I would not hesitate to recommend the services of Chris Connolly and OneLaw to others.” – H.R. (October 2025)

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OneLaw represents clients in education, estate planning, residential real estate, civil rights, disability, family law, criminal and victim rights, special needs planning, guardianship, Juvenile Court, child welfare, probate administration, Title IX, HPO/RO, and related matters.

2026-02-27T20:11:32+00:00February 27th, 2026|Newsletters|

OneLaw’s October 2025 Newsletter

In OneLaw’s October newsletter, we learned Attorney Chiara LaPlume wears the best costumes, we congratulated Attorney Chris Connolly on another not guilty in a criminal jury trial matter, we profiled a featured professional – residential real estate agent (and author) Ashley Harwood – who also wrote about recent changes for rules about home inspections and real estate offers to purchase, and we welcomed our legal intern Imene Bouziane Saidi from New England Law | Boston to the education law practice.

Read the full October 2025 newsletter HERE.

A text version is below.

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Halloween is approaching! It’s one of the most fun holidays of the year for people of all ages. Enjoy trick-or-treating whether with your kids, handing our treats, or dressing up yourself. Here at OneLaw we recently learned Attorney Chiara LaPlume wears the best costumes!

Congratulations are in order – again – for Attorney Chris Connolly. He secured another not guilty in a criminal jury trial matter. Here’s to back-to-back wins.

This month we open the newsletter to a featured professional. Residential real estate agent (and author) Ashley Harwood shares an article about recent changes for rules about home inspections and real estate offers to purchase.

We also welcome our legal intern Imene Bouziane Saidi from New England Law | Boston. She is assisting with our education law practice.

That also makes for a good reminder that we represent parents and students in all types of school-related cases, from special education to student discipline, in public and private schools, from elementary and secondary schools to higher education.

As always, OneLaw is dedicated to serving the personal legal needs of families and individuals across a variety of practice areas. Let us know how we can help you. Visit our website (https://www.one-law.us) or give us a call at 617-831-4355.

Peter A. Hahn, Esq.

Principal Attorney

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Recent Changes for Home Inspections and Real Estate Offers

by Ashley Harwood, Realtor (Featured Professional)

On October 15, 2025, the rules around home inspections and real estate offers to purchase changed. Overall, this is a win for buyers and will even the playing field. Here’s what to know about the changes:

a) There’s a new disclosure form that’s required to be signed by both sellers and buyers, stating that sellers can no longer accept an offer contingent upon a waived or limited home inspection. Essentially, no more waived inspections as part of real estate offer negotiations.

b) The contract to purchase document (offer form) has been updated, as well, to reflect this change.

c) There are several exceptions to this rule, including: sales between immediate family members, divorce situations in which one party is buying the other one out, estate planning transfers, foreclosures, and new construction homes pre-completion.

d) Violation of this new law could fall under Chapter 93A, Massachusetts’ consumer protection act, meaning harsher punishments for offenders.

One common misconception is that the new law requires buyers to conduct a home inspection. That’s not the case. Buyers have no obligation to have a home inspection should they choose to waive it. The difference is they can only waive it after their offer is accepted. A home inspection waiver cannot be used as a negotiation tool any longer.

What does this mean for buyers?

Buyers can breathe a little easier now, knowing their right to choose to have a home inspection is now protected by law. I see this resulting in more end-users having their offers accepted, versus investors. I also see buyers feeling more comfortable and confident with their purchases should they choose to conduct an inspection. It’s always better for buyers to know the ins and outs of the home they’re buying.

What does this mean for sellers?

Sellers may not love this change, but they’ll be thankful for it when they’re buying their next home. We may see more sellers opting to do their own inspections before even going on the market, to address any issues up front. The risk here, of course, is that any issue the inspection uncovers will need to be disclosed to potential buyers unless it’s fixed beforehand.

What does this mean for real estate agents?

Agents are going to have to collectively agree to follow the rules. No hinting or telling the listing agent on the sly that the buyer plans to waive their inspection after the offer is accepted. As an agent myself, I can already foresee this being an issue amongst agents who like to bend the rules. As listing agents, we will need to be extra diligent in upholding the new law. We will also need to re-educate our sellers and manage their expectations. Because waiving inspections became so popular over the past 5 years, many sellers still think it’s their right to demand a buyer not do an inspection. Agents will be responsible for upholding the law, even if it disappoints the sellers.

What does the future look like?

Once everyone gets used to this new way of handling offer negotiations, it will be a much better landscape for real estate transactions. I think it’s a matter of fairness to all buyers (retail buyers as well as investors) and of increased disclosure about the properties themselves, both of which are positive changes. Many other states have similar laws; I’m glad to see Massachusetts catching up.

Ashley Harwood is a Realtor at Keller Williams Realty Chestnut Hill in Newton. She is also the author of “Move Over Extroverts: How to Build a Successful Real Estate Career as an Introvert”.

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IMENE BOUZIANE SAIDI

Legal Intern Imene Bouziane Saidi is OneLaw’s legal intern with a focus in education law. She is a third year law student at New England Law | Boston.

When asked about her interest in education law, Imene speaks with passion: “I’m particularly interested in how education law shapes access and services for students with disabilities and I am eager to deepen my understanding of how legal tools can be used to support students and their families. My background working with families navigating special education has shown me how critical strong legal protections are, and I’m excited to build on that experience through this internship. I’m grateful for the opportunity to learn from such talented attorneys at OneLaw and to gain meaningful exposure to the practice of special education law.”

Imene recently was awarded the CALI Excellence for the Future Award in Disability Law for the Spring 2025 semester at New England Law. The CALI Awards program recognizes excellence in achievement by law students in their studies. Congratulations!

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EDUCATION LAW

Our education law practice covers all aspects of legal representation for students and families, including the following: Special Education Student Discipline Elementary and Secondary Education Higher Education (College and University) Public and Private Schools Civil Rights If your legal issue is related to school, contact OneLaw for representation or a consultation.

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OneLaw represents clients in education, estate planning, residential real estate, civil rights, disability, family law, criminal and victim rights, discrimination, special needs planning, guardianship, Juvenile Court, child welfare, probate administration, Title IX, HPO/RO, and related matters.

2026-02-27T20:11:54+00:00November 21st, 2025|Newsletters|

OneLaw’s September 2025 Newsletter

In OneLaw’s September newsletter, we welcomed our Legal Assistant Madalyn Caiado, celebrated Attorney Chris Connolly’s recent criminal jury trial win, and sent a reminder that we represent clients in residential real estate matters, including buying and selling homes.

Read the full September 2025 newsletter HERE.

A text version is below.

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Fall is settling in with the last gasps of summer, and the beginning of the school year is already in the rearview.

Here at OneLaw, we recently welcomed Madalyn Caiado as a Legal Assistant focusing on education law. Madalyn is a graduate of New England Law.

In our newsletter this month, Attorney Chris Connolly shares a recent criminal jury trial experience where he secured a not guilty verdict for his client.

There is also a reminder we represent clients in residential real estate matters, including buying and selling homes.

As always, OneLaw is dedicated to serving the personal legal needs of families and individuals across a variety of practice areas. Let us know how we can help you. Visit our website (https://www.one-law.us) or give us a call at 617-831-4355.

Peter A. Hahn, Esq. Principal Attorney

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A Winning (Jury Trial) Formula

by Chris Connolly, Esq.

Last month, I won a Not Guilty verdict for all counts against my client, who was erroneously charged with firearm offenses.

I encountered many issues throughout the life of the case. It involved police surveillance via social media of young kids, a motion to suppress the search and seizure of my client in a motor vehicle along with other young people, discovery motions to establish violations of my client’s equal protections under the law, DNA evidence, and a high stakes trial involving a mandatory minimum sentence if my client had been convicted.

Trials are difficult and take enormous amounts of preparation. A defense attorney has to manage expectations of your client, ensure that the evidence presented is straightforward for the jury, and hold back your emotions of excitement, stress, and impatience. You need to be constantly ‘on’. Every detail considered. That is all hard to do when the stakes are high.

In the trial, one witness tried to deny he shared a view from a particular vantage point. I was prepared with photographs of his colleagues and him to reveal his memory had faltered over the years. Had I not presented the evidence in that way, it is possible the outcome would have changed.

The jury made the correct decision after a very short deliberation. My client was ecstatic after the verdict, along with supportive friends and family.

All in all, a very rewarding experience for a trial attorney. There’s nothing like hearing a jury foreperson say “Not Guilty”.

Attorney Chris Connolly specializes in representing clients in a range of matters, including education law, criminal law, disability law, and related practice areas.

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MADALYN CAIADO

Madalyn Caiado is now a Legal Assistant at OneLaw with a focus in education law.

Madalyn graduated from the University of New Hampshire in 2020 with a Bachelor’s degree in Psychology, focusing on childhood learning and behavioral development.

Before attending law school, she worked extensively with children in both school and home settings, gaining firsthand experience with the challenges students and families face in educational environments.

In 2025, Madalyn earned her Juris Doctor from New England Law | Boston. During her time there, she participated in a legal clinic as a student attorney, working directly on education law cases and advocating for students’ rights. This experience deepened her commitment to helping families navigate complex educational systems.

Outside of work, Madalyn enjoys pottery, yoga, hiking, and exploring new coffee shops.

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RESIDENTIAL REAL ESTATE

Whether you are buying or selling a home, with experience or for the first time, contact OneLaw for legal representation throughout the process.

We offer flat fee rates for standard purchase and sale transactions.

We also advise clients regarding condominiums, deeds, drafting legal documents, and other areas within residential real estate.

We are also always looking to connect with real estate agents and home financing professionals.

Reach out to set up a time for us to talk about how we can assist each other.

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OneLaw represents clients in education, estate planning, residential real estate, civil rights, disability, family law, criminal and victim rights, discrimination, special needs planning, guardianship, Juvenile Court, child welfare, probate administration, Title IX, HPO/RO, and related matters.

2025-10-23T19:28:37+00:00October 23rd, 2025|Newsletters|

OneLaw’s May 2025 Newsletter

In OneLaw’s May newsletter, we take a moment to reflect on what we are thankful for, I review disability categories in special education law, and there is a reminder that we represent clients in criminal and juvenile matters.

Read the full May 2025 newsletter HERE.

A text version is below.

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Summer is just around the corner!

Please take a moment this weekend to reflect on everything you are thankful for, and hopefully you have time to enjoy the long weekend.

Here at OneLaw we continue to expand as we look for a new education law attorney to join our practice. Read below for more information.  We are also always open to speaking with established attorneys who are interested in working with our firm in any of our practice areas or any area that serves individuals and families.

In the newsletter this month, I review disability categories in special education law. I also include a reminder that we represent clients in criminal and juvenile matters.

As always, OneLaw is dedicated to serving the personal legal needs of families and individuals across a variety of practice areas. How can we help you? Visit our website (https://www.one-law.us) or give us a call at 617-831-4355.

Peter A. Hahn, Esq.

Principal Attorney

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EDUCATION LAW ATTORNEY

OneLaw is looking to hire an attorney in our education law practice. The position is immediately available and can be part-time or full-time. Ideal candidates have experience or a strong interest in the field of education. Though not required, prior experience in education law (or litigation experience and an interest in education law) is helpful. We are open to newer attorneys as well as more experienced attorneys looking to move into a new rewarding practice area. Though some amount of work can be done virtually, you would be expected to come into the office periodically. Applicants must be highly motivated and want to actively contribute collaboratively to an expanding law practice. Any experience in complementary or additional practice areas is desirable. Pay is commensurate with experience. We are also always open to speaking with established attorneys who are interested in bringing their experience, client base, and referral network to our growing firm in any practice area that serves individuals and families. Please contact Peter Hahn by email with a resume and letter of interest.

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Defining Disability Categories in Special Education

by Peter A. Hahn, Esq.

Both Massachusetts and federal law define certain types of disability categories for the purposes of eligibility for special education.

Specific definitions under Massachusetts law can be found at 603 C.M.R. 28.02 (https://www.doe.mass.edu/lawsregs/603cmr28.html?section=02) and under federal law at 34 CFR §§300.8(c) (https://sites.ed.gov/idea/regs/b/a/300.8) . There is overlap but there are differences.

Some examples of disability categories are:

Autism – A developmental disability significantly affecting verbal and nonverbal communication and social interaction.

Developmental Delay – The learning capacity of a young child (3–9 years old) is significantly limited, impaired, or delayed and is exhibited by difficulties in one or more of the following areas: receptive and/or expressive language; cognitive abilities; physical functioning; social, emotional, or adaptive functioning; and/or self-help skills.

Intellectual Impairment – The permanent capacity for performing cognitive tasks, functions, or problem solving is significantly limited or impaired and is exhibited by more than one of the following: a slower rate of learning; disorganized patterns of learning; difficulty with adaptive behavior; and/or difficulty understanding abstract concepts.

Emotional Impairment – The student exhibits one or more of the following characteristics over a long period of time and to a marked degree that adversely affects educational performance: an inability to learn that cannot be explained by intellectual, sensory, or health factors; an inability to build or maintain satisfactory interpersonal relationships with peers and teachers; inappropriate types of behavior or feelings under normal circumstances; a general pervasive mood of unhappiness or depression; or a tendency to develop physical symptoms or fears associated with personal or school problems.

Health Impairment – A chronic or acute health problem such that the physiological capacity to function is significantly limited or impaired and results in one or more of the following: limited strength, vitality, or alertness including a heightened alertness to environmental stimuli resulting in limited alertness with respect to the educational environment. The term shall include health impairments due to asthma, attention deficit disorder or attention deficit with hyperactivity disorder, diabetes, epilepsy, a heart condition, hemophilia, lead poisoning, leukemia, nephritis, rheumatic fever, and sickle cell anemia, if such health impairment adversely affects a student’s educational performance.

Specific Learning Disability – A disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or in using language, spoken or written, that may manifest itself in an imperfect ability to listen, think speak, read, write, spell, or to do mathematical calculations.

There are also other categories, including Communication Impairment, Neurological Impairment, Orthopedic Impairment, Physical Impairment, and Sensory Impairment (Hearing Impairment or Deaf, Vision Impairment or Blind, Deafblind).

A student with at least one disability who is not making progress at school may be eligible for special education from the public schools.

Contact us if you have any questions about this process or if you encounter issues with a school denying your child a free appropriate public education.

Attorney Peter A. Hahn is the founder and principal attorney of OneLaw. He represents clients in a range of matters, including all aspects of education law.

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CRIMINAL & JUVENILE LAW

We represent minors and adults in all criminal and juvenile matters. If you, a loved one, a child, or friend has been arrested or is the subject of a criminal investigation, contact us for representation or a consultation. Do not appear for any court hearing or police interview without an attorney. We have experience with a whole array of criminal charges, from trespass to unlicensed possession of a firearm. We ensure you understand the process every step of the way, and that you will receive zealous advocacy in court.

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OneLaw specializes in education, estate planning, residential real estate, civil rights, family law, criminal and victim rights, discrimination, special needs, guardianship, consumer protection, juvenile and child welfare, probate administration, Title IX, HPO/RO, and related matters.

2025-10-09T19:57:33+00:00October 9th, 2025|Newsletters|
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